Comparison

Ballot Signal vs. IP-based targeting

IP-based approaches infer without asking. They are probabilistic, degrading, and sit squarely inside the pen-register litigation theory.

What IP targeting actually does

It takes the network address a request came from and infers something — a household, a building, an employer, a neighborhood — usually by matching against a commercial mapping of addresses to places. Then it targets ads at that inference, or claims to identify the person behind it.

Why it degrades

  • Mobile traffic routes through carrier-scale address pools that map to nothing useful.
  • Privacy relays and VPNs are now default-on for a large slice of consumer devices.
  • Shared and dynamic addressing means the address you saw yesterday is somebody else in a different town today.
  • CGNAT puts thousands of unrelated subscribers behind one address.

The accuracy claims in this category were never great and the underlying substrate is actively getting worse.

The pen-register theory under California Penal Code § 638.51 is specifically about scripts that collect IP addresses and similar routing information. A method whose entire mechanism is IP collection is not well positioned against that theory, and adding a privacy policy does not change the mechanism. See CIPA & website tracking.

Ballot Signal’s answer is structural rather than rhetorical: nothing runs before consent, so there is no pre-consent collection to characterize.

The honest comparison

IP targetingBallot Signal
Asks the visitor firstNoYes — always
OutputAn inferred household or companyA named supporter record
Accuracy trendDegradingStable
Works on mobilePoorlyYes
Audit trailNoneTimestamp, version, source URL, categories
Coverage of your trafficBroad but low-confidenceNarrower and high-confidence

IP targeting reaches more of your traffic. It reaches it with a guess. Which trade you want is a real decision — we are only asking that you make it knowing which one you are buying.

See what your own website already knows.

Book a 20-minute walkthrough. We will look at your site's current consent posture first — that part is useful whether or not you buy anything.